| Title | Higher protein intake is associated with diabetes risk in South Asian Indians: the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2010 |
| Authors | Wang, ET, de Koning, L, Kanaya, AM |
| Journal | J Am Coll NutrJ Am Coll Nutr |
| Volume | 29 |
| Pagination | 130-5 |
| Date Published | Apr |
| ISBN Number | 1541-1087 (Electronic)<br/>0731-5724 (Linking) |
| Accession Number | 20679148 |
| Keywords | Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis/epidemiology/ etiology, Diet/adverse effects, Dietary Proteins/ adverse effects, Energy Intake, Female, Humans, India/ethnology, Male, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Questionnaires, Risk Factors, United States/epidemiology |
| Abstract | OBJECTIVE: Despite a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in South Asian Indians, the impact of diet in this high-risk ethnic group has not been fully explored. The association of macronutrient intake and diabetes in South Asian Indians was examined in this cross-sectional study. METHODS: A population-based cohort of 146 South Asian Indians aged 45-79 years without existing cardiovascular disease living in the San Francisco Bay Area was recruited between August 2006 and October 2007. Macronutrient intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire developed and validated in South Asians. Diabetes was defined by use of a hypoglycemic medication, a fasting plasma glucose level > or =126 mg/dL, or a 2-hour post-challenge glucose level > or =200 mg/dL. The association between energy-adjusted macronutrient intake and diabetes was explored using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Forty-one (28%) participants had type 2 diabetes; 20 were unaware of this diagnosis and were classified as having diabetes by laboratory testing. In a model fully adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, and hypertension, there was a 70% increase in the odds of diabetes per standard deviation in gram of protein intake/day (standardized OR 1.70 [95% CI 1.08, 2.68], p = 0.02). There was a trend toward increased protein intake and diabetes in the subset of participants with previously unknown, laboratory-diagnosed diabetes. Results did not vary significantly by sex, body mass index, or dietary pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Higher level of protein intake was associated with increased odds of diabetes in this cohort of South Asian Indians. Diet may be a modifiable lifestyle factor in this high-risk ethnic group. |
Ethno Med: